Social Science Data Sources & Statistical Methods

This is for advanced research. Researchers may submit proposals to use confidential U.S. Census microdata for research (also some data from other federal agencies). Approved researchers can then access data at a center in Ann Arbor.
Project must be approved. There is a fee to use the center.

Includes Consumer Panel Data and Retail Scanner Data. Available only to tenure-track faculty for research projects by application.

Free. Open source software for network analysis and graph mining and numerous large network datasets, which include "social networks, web graphs, road networks, internet networks, citation networks, collaboration networks, and communication networks."

Numerous free datasets for faculty researchers in the following categories:
Language Data
Graph and Social Data
Ratings and Classification Data
Advertising and Market Data
Competition Data
Computing Systems Data
Image Data

"Public Data Sets on AWS provides a centralized repository of public data sets that can be seamlessly integrated into AWS cloud-based applications. AWS is hosting the public data sets at no charge for the community, and like all AWS services, users pay only for the compute and storage they use for their own applications."

The University of California Irvine offers 250+ large datasets for researchers--many of them on science topics, but some business and social science topics included.